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Usually, cells of a tissue are contiguous at cell membranes and may be of one or more types. 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collection of cells and acellular"]},"class":"anatomy_term","other_names":["anatomical structure"]},"wbid":"WBbt:0005766","taxonomy":null,"label":"Anatomy","other_names":["anatomical structure"],"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"entity of anatomical origin that is either entirely acellular or is a collection of cells and acellular parts."},{"taxonomy":null,"label":"vas deferens elongated cell region","wbid":"WBbt:0008443","name":{"highlight":{"description_all":["a region of vas deferens, positioned posterior to the cuboidal cell region, formed by cells of elongated"]},"taxonomy":null,"label":"vas deferens elongated cell region","id":"WBbt:0008443","class":"anatomy_term","other_names":[]},"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"a region of vas deferens, positioned posterior to the cuboidal cell region, formed by cells of elongated morphology.","other_names":null},{"name":{"other_names":["gastrulation 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wall","taxonomy":null,"wbid":"WBbt:0005742","name":{"other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term","highlight":{"description_all":["exterior tube of two concentric tubes that make up the body, includes the epidermal cells and the attached"]},"taxonomy":null,"label":"body wall","id":"WBbt:0005742"},"description":"exterior tube of two concentric tubes that make up the body, includes the epidermal cells and the attached neurons and muscles.","page_type":"anatomy_term","other_names":null},{"name":{"label":"head muscle","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0006761","highlight":{"description_all":["body wall muscle in the head, including first eight cells of each muscle quadrants which are innervated"]},"other_names":["head body wall muscle"],"class":"anatomy_term"},"wbid":"WBbt:0006761","taxonomy":null,"label":"head muscle","other_names":["head body wall muscle"],"description":"body wall muscle in the head, including first eight cells of each muscle quadrants which are innervated by nerve ring neurons.","page_type":"anatomy_term"},{"other_names":["lineage name: In.a"],"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"Postembryonic intestinal cell nucleus, the anterior one from nuclear division of any of 10-14 cells in mid-section of intestine.","name":{"id":"WBbt:0004341","taxonomy":null,"label":"In.a nucleus","highlight":{"description_all":["Postembryonic intestinal cell nucleus, the anterior one from nuclear division of any of 10-14 cells in"]},"class":"anatomy_term","other_names":["lineage name: In.a"]},"wbid":"WBbt:0004341","taxonomy":null,"label":"In.a nucleus"},{"other_names":["lineage name: In.p"],"description":"Postembryonic intestinal cell nucleus, the posterior one from nuclear division of any of 10-14 cells in mid-section of intestine.","page_type":"anatomy_term","wbid":"WBbt:0004340","name":{"taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0004340","label":"In.p nucleus","highlight":{"description_all":["Postembryonic intestinal cell nucleus, the posterior one from nuclear division of any of 10-14 cells"]},"other_names":["lineage name: In.p"],"class":"anatomy_term"},"taxonomy":null,"label":"In.p nucleus"},{"other_names":null,"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"Neuron class of two ciliated neurons with flattened, sheet-like endings that are associated with the sheath cells of the amphid sensilla","wbid":"WBbt:0005671","name":{"label":"AWB","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0005671","highlight":{"description_all":["class of two ciliated neurons with flattened, sheet-like endings that are associated with the sheath cells"]},"other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term"},"taxonomy":null,"label":"AWB"},{"taxonomy":null,"label":"AWC","name":{"label":"AWC","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0005672","highlight":{"description_all":["two ciliated neurons with large, flattened, sheet-like endings that are associated with the sheath cells"]},"other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term"},"wbid":"WBbt:0005672","page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"Neuron class of two ciliated neurons with large, flattened, sheet-like endings that are associated with the sheath cells of the amphid sensilla.","other_names":null},{"taxonomy":null,"label":"vas deferens cuboidal cell region","name":{"highlight":{"description_all":["vas deferens, positioned posterior to the valve and anterior to the elongated cell region, formed by cells"]},"taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0008442","label":"vas deferens cuboidal cell region","class":"anatomy_term","other_names":[]},"wbid":"WBbt:0008442","page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"a region of vas deferens, positioned posterior to the valve and anterior to the elongated cell region, formed by cells of cuboidal morphology.","other_names":null},{"taxonomy":null,"label":"somatic gonad precursor","name":{"other_names":["somatic gonadal precursor cell","SGP"],"class":"anatomy_term","label":"somatic gonad precursor","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0007854","highlight":{"description_all":["any of two cells that generate all somatic tissues of the gonad proper (i.e. ovary or testis ) and genital"]}},"wbid":"WBbt:0007854","page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"any of two cells that generate all somatic tissues of the gonad proper (i.e. ovary or testis ) and genital ducts (e.g. uterus, vas deferens).","other_names":["somatic gonadal precursor cell","SGP"]},{"wbid":"WBbt:0006771","name":{"highlight":{"description_all":["The second (count from anterior-most) of twelve postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons"]},"taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0006771","label":"P2","class":"anatomy_term","other_names":[]},"taxonomy":null,"label":"P2","other_names":null,"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"The second (count from anterior-most) of twelve postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons, ventral hypodermis, vulva, male preanal ganglion; ventral hypodermis in L1."},{"taxonomy":null,"label":"P3","wbid":"WBbt:0006772","name":{"id":"WBbt:0006772","taxonomy":null,"label":"P3","highlight":{"description_all":["The third (count from 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(count from anterior-most) of twelve postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons, ventral hypodermis, vulva, male preanal ganglion; ventral hypodermis in L1.","page_type":"anatomy_term","other_names":null,"taxonomy":null,"label":"P5","wbid":"WBbt:0006774","name":{"other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term","highlight":{"description_all":["The fifth (count from anterior-most) of twelve postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons"]},"taxonomy":null,"label":"P5","id":"WBbt:0006774"}},{"name":{"highlight":{"description_all":["The sixth (count from anterior-most) of twelve postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons"]},"taxonomy":null,"label":"P6","id":"WBbt:0006775","class":"anatomy_term","other_names":[]},"wbid":"WBbt:0006775","taxonomy":null,"label":"P6","other_names":null,"description":"The sixth (count from anterior-most) of twelve postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons, ventral hypodermis, vulva, male preanal ganglion; ventral hypodermis in L1.","page_type":"anatomy_term"},{"other_names":["P1 post-embryonic blast cell"],"description":"The first (count from anterior-most) of twelve postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons, ventral hypodermis, vulva, male preanal ganglion; ventral hypodermis in L1.","page_type":"anatomy_term","name":{"class":"anatomy_term","other_names":["P1 post-embryonic blast cell"],"highlight":{"description_all":["The first (count from anterior-most) of twelve postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons"]},"id":"WBbt:0006770","taxonomy":null,"label":"P1"},"wbid":"WBbt:0006770","taxonomy":null,"label":"P1"},{"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"The tenth (count from anterior-most) of twelve postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons, ventral hypodermis, vulva, male preanal ganglion; ventral hypodermis in L1.","other_names":null,"label":"P10","taxonomy":null,"wbid":"WBbt:0006779","name":{"taxonomy":null,"label":"P10","id":"WBbt:0006779","highlight":{"description_all":["The tenth (count from anterior-most) of twelve postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons"]},"class":"anatomy_term","other_names":[]}},{"description":"The seventh (count from anterior-most) of twelve postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons, ventral hypodermis, vulva, male preanal ganglion; ventral hypodermis in L1.","page_type":"anatomy_term","other_names":null,"taxonomy":null,"label":"P7","name":{"other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term","highlight":{"description_all":["The seventh (count from anterior-most) of twelve postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons"]},"label":"P7","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0006776"},"wbid":"WBbt:0006776"},{"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"a group of hypodermal cells that lie along the apical midline of the hypodermis, at the extreme left and right sides between nose and tail","other_names":["lateral hypodermis"],"taxonomy":null,"label":"seam cell","name":{"highlight":{"description_all":["a group of hypodermal cells that lie along the apical midline of the hypodermis, at the extreme left"]},"id":"WBbt:0005753","taxonomy":null,"label":"seam cell","other_names":["lateral hypodermis"],"class":"anatomy_term"},"wbid":"WBbt:0005753"},{"wbid":"WBbt:0008612","name":{"other_names":["mystery cells of the male"],"class":"anatomy_term","highlight":{"description_all":["Neuron class of male specific interneurons (mystery cells of the male) that are born at the early L4"]},"taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0008612","label":"MCM"},"taxonomy":null,"label":"MCM","other_names":["mystery cells of the male"],"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"Neuron class of male specific interneurons (mystery cells of the male) that are born at the early L4 stage, when the male undergoes sexual maturation."},{"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"Two embryonic hypodermal cells (XXXL, XXXR) that may provide a scaffold for the early organization of ventral bodywall muscles and the various socket cells in the lateral and ventral lips. Their cell bodies soon crawl posteriorly, and their processes separate the amphid nerve from the mechanosensory nerves in the late embryo. The XXX processes later retract, and the XXX cell bodies remain in the ventrolateral bodywall near the cell bodies of the posterior arcade and some socket cells where they perform a neurohumoral function, as they retain short processes bordering the pseudocoelom and contain some secretory vesicles.","other_names":null,"taxonomy":null,"label":"XXX cell","wbid":"WBbt:0007855","name":{"other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term","label":"XXX cell","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0007855","highlight":{"description_all":["Two embryonic hypodermal cells (XXXL, XXXR) that may provide a scaffold for the early organization of","ventral bodywall muscles and the various socket cells in the lateral and ventral lips.","bodies remain in the ventrolateral bodywall near the cell bodies of the posterior arcade and some socket cells"]}}},{"name":{"label":"AFD","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0005662","highlight":{"description_all":["of the amphid sensillum; the endings of AFD have numerous villi, which poke into the amphid sheath cells"]},"other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term"},"wbid":"WBbt:0005662","taxonomy":null,"label":"AFD","other_names":null,"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"Neuron class of two ciliated neurons that are part of the amphid sensillum; the endings of AFD have numerous villi, which poke into the amphid sheath cells."},{"taxonomy":null,"label":"polar body","name":{"highlight":{"description_all":["One of two small cells produced, each during one of the two meiotic cell divisions, which are then discarded"]},"taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0008429","label":"polar body","other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term"},"wbid":"WBbt:0008429","page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"One of two small cells produced, each during one of the two meiotic cell divisions, which are then discarded in the creation of the haploid germ cell.","other_names":null},{"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"Longitudinal bands of muscle cells surrounding animal body, with one band running in each quadrant of the body, regulated contraction and relaxation of these muscles cause locomotion.","other_names":["body muscle"],"taxonomy":null,"label":"body wall musculature","name":{"other_names":["body muscle"],"class":"anatomy_term","label":"body wall musculature","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0005813","highlight":{"description_all":["Longitudinal bands of muscle cells surrounding animal body, with one band running in each quadrant of"]}},"wbid":"WBbt:0005813"},{"wbid":"WBbt:0003670","name":{"other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0003670","label":"gland cell","highlight":{"description_all":["features (such as large membrane-bound granules) that suggest a role in secretion, thus termed gland cells"]}},"taxonomy":null,"label":"gland cell","other_names":null,"description":"A variety of very different cell types which share cytoplasmic features (such as large membrane-bound granules) that suggest a role in secretion, thus termed gland cells.","page_type":"anatomy_term"},{"taxonomy":null,"label":"GLRDR","wbid":"WBbt:0004785","name":{"highlight":{"description_all":["Set of six cells that form a thin cylindrical sheet between pharynx and ring neuropile; no chemical synapses"]},"id":"WBbt:0004785","taxonomy":null,"label":"GLRDR","other_names":["lineage name: MSaaaaaar"],"class":"anatomy_term"},"description":"Set of six cells that form a thin cylindrical sheet between pharynx and ring neuropile; no chemical synapses, but gap junctions with muscle arms and RME motor neurons","page_type":"anatomy_term","other_names":["lineage name: MSaaaaaar"]},{"label":"GLRVL","taxonomy":null,"name":{"taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0004782","label":"GLRVL","highlight":{"description_all":["Set of six cells that form a thin cylindrical sheet between pharynx and ring neuropile; no chemical synapses"]},"class":"anatomy_term","other_names":["lineage name: MSapaaaav"]},"wbid":"WBbt:0004782","description":"Set of six cells that form a thin cylindrical sheet between pharynx and ring neuropile; no chemical synapses, but gap junctions with muscle arms and RME motor neurons","page_type":"anatomy_term","other_names":["lineage name: MSapaaaav"]},{"name":{"class":"anatomy_term","other_names":["lineage name: MSapaaaad"],"highlight":{"description_all":["Set of six cells that form a thin cylindrical sheet between pharynx and ring neuropile; no chemical synapses"]},"label":"GLRL","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0004784"},"wbid":"WBbt:0004784","taxonomy":null,"label":"GLRL","other_names":["lineage name: MSapaaaad"],"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"Set of six cells that form a thin cylindrical sheet between pharynx and ring neuropile; no chemical synapses, but gap junctions with muscle arms and RME motor neurons"},{"name":{"other_names":["lineage name: MSppaaaav"],"class":"anatomy_term","label":"GLRVR","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0004781","highlight":{"description_all":["Set of six cells that form a thin cylindrical sheet between pharynx and ring neuropile; no chemical synapses"]}},"wbid":"WBbt:0004781","taxonomy":null,"label":"GLRVR","other_names":["lineage name: MSppaaaav"],"description":"Set of six cells that form a thin cylindrical sheet between pharynx and ring neuropile; no chemical synapses, but gap junctions with muscle arms and RME motor neurons","page_type":"anatomy_term"},{"description":"Interfacial (hypodermal) cells which connect the hypodermal epithelium of the lips to the pharyngeal epithelium, firmly binding the inner tissue (the pharynx) to the outer bodywall (the hypodermis).","page_type":"anatomy_term","other_names":null,"taxonomy":null,"label":"arcade cell","wbid":"WBbt:0005793","name":{"class":"anatomy_term","other_names":[],"highlight":{"description_all":["Interfacial (hypodermal) cells which connect the hypodermal epithelium of the lips to the pharyngeal"]},"taxonomy":null,"label":"arcade cell","id":"WBbt:0005793"}},{"taxonomy":null,"label":"GLRR","name":{"other_names":["lineage name: MSppaaaad"],"class":"anatomy_term","taxonomy":null,"label":"GLRR","id":"WBbt:0004783","highlight":{"description_all":["Set of six cells that form a thin cylindrical sheet between pharynx and ring neuropile; no chemical synapses"]}},"wbid":"WBbt:0004783","page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"Set of six cells that form a thin cylindrical sheet between pharynx and ring neuropile; no chemical synapses, but gap junctions with muscle arms and RME motor neurons","other_names":["lineage name: MSppaaaad"]},{"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"Set of six cells that form a thin cylindrical sheet between pharynx and ring neuropile; no chemical synapses, but gap junctions with muscle arms and RME motor neurons","other_names":["lineage name: MSaaaaaal"],"taxonomy":null,"label":"GLRDL","name":{"id":"WBbt:0004786","taxonomy":null,"label":"GLRDL","highlight":{"description_all":["Set of six cells that form a thin cylindrical sheet between pharynx and ring neuropile; no chemical synapses"]},"class":"anatomy_term","other_names":["lineage name: MSaaaaaal"]},"wbid":"WBbt:0004786"},{"description":"Cell of lineage ABprapapap, born in embryo, one of a group of postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons, ventral hypodermis, vulva, male preanal ganglion; ventral hypodermis in L1.","page_type":"anatomy_term","other_names":["ABprapapap","lineage name: ABprapapap"],"label":"P9/10R","taxonomy":null,"wbid":"WBbt:0004411","name":{"other_names":["ABprapapap","lineage name: ABprapapap"],"class":"anatomy_term","taxonomy":null,"label":"P9/10R","id":"WBbt:0004411","highlight":{"description_all":["Cell of lineage ABprapapap, born in embryo, one of a group of postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord"]}}},{"name":{"label":"P9/10L","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0004412","highlight":{"description_all":["Cell of lineage ABplapapap, born in embryo, one of a group of postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord"]},"other_names":["ABplapapap","lineage name: ABplapapap"],"class":"anatomy_term"},"wbid":"WBbt:0004412","taxonomy":null,"label":"P9/10L","other_names":["ABplapapap","lineage name: ABplapapap"],"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"Cell of lineage ABplapapap, born in embryo, one of a group of postembryonic blast cells for ventral cord motorneurons, ventral hypodermis, vulva, male preanal ganglion; ventral hypodermis in L1."},{"description":"Blast cell lying ventrolaterally in the late embryo and L1 larval stage which divides during the late L1 larva in stereotypical reiterated fashion to give rise to many motor neurons which begin function in the ventral cord and preanal ganglion of the early L2 larva, as well as hypodermal cells (which fuse into hyp7) and a series of programmed cell deaths. In addition, the Pn.p daughters of P3 through P8 lineages persist without fusing into the hyp7 syncytium until mid L3 stage when they can be induced to divide further to produce vulval epithelial cells (vulA - vulF) or more hyp7 cells. P0 is also known as W.","page_type":"anatomy_term","other_names":["P cell"],"taxonomy":null,"label":"ventral cord blast cell","name":{"highlight":{"description_all":["begin function in the ventral cord and preanal ganglion of the early L2 larva, as well as hypodermal cells","syncytium until mid L3 stage when they can be induced to divide further to produce vulval epithelial cells","(vulA - vulF) or more hyp7 cells."]},"id":"WBbt:0008115","taxonomy":null,"label":"ventral cord blast cell","other_names":["P cell"],"class":"anatomy_term"},"wbid":"WBbt:0008115"},{"wbid":"WBbt:0005828","name":{"other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term","highlight":{"description_all":["five pairs of thin gonadal sheath cells form a single layer covering the germ line component of each"]},"taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0005828","label":"gonadal sheath cell"},"taxonomy":null,"label":"gonadal sheath cell","other_names":null,"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"five pairs of thin gonadal sheath cells form a single layer covering the germ line component of each arm, each pair occupying a stereotyped position along the gonad proximal-distal axis."},{"description":"Complement of nervous tissue (neurones, nerves, receptors and support cells) serving to detect, relay and coordinate information about an animal's internal and external environments and to initiate and integrate its effector responses and activities.","page_type":"anatomy_term","other_names":null,"taxonomy":null,"label":"nervous system","wbid":"WBbt:0005735","name":{"label":"nervous system","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0005735","highlight":{"description_all":["Complement of nervous tissue (neurones, nerves, receptors and support cells) serving to detect, relay"]},"other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term"}},{"description":"That portion of the male reproductive tract, through which sperm are delivered to the proctodeum and then the cloaca in the tail. Thus that portion which is distal to the testis, made of a total of 30 cells.","page_type":"anatomy_term","other_names":["sperm duct","gon_male_vdef"],"taxonomy":null,"label":"vas deferens","name":{"highlight":{"description_all":["Thus that portion which is distal to the testis, made of a total of 30 cells."]},"label":"vas deferens","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0005337","other_names":["sperm duct","gon_male_vdef"],"class":"anatomy_term"},"wbid":"WBbt:0005337"},{"name":{"taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0006828","label":"FLP","highlight":{"description_all":["immediately dorsal to the lateral inner labial sensilla in the head but have no associated sheath or socket cells"]},"other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term"},"wbid":"WBbt:0006828","taxonomy":null,"label":"FLP","other_names":null,"description":"Neuron class of two neurons, which have ciliated endings situated immediately dorsal to the lateral inner labial sensilla in the head but have no associated sheath or socket cells; they have flattened processes in this region of the cilium.","page_type":"anatomy_term"},{"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"A haploid immature germ cell which forms in the gonad by the division of a diploid primary spermatocyte. It undergoes a second meiotic division to complete meiosis, at which time the daughter cells detach from the residual body to become spermatids.","other_names":null,"taxonomy":null,"label":"secondary spermatocyte","name":{"other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term","label":"secondary spermatocyte","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0008592","highlight":{"description_all":["It undergoes a second meiotic division to complete meiosis, at which time the daughter cells detach from"]}},"wbid":"WBbt:0008592"},{"wbid":"WBbt:0005785","name":{"taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0005785","label":"somatic gonad","highlight":{"description_all":["hermaphrodite, these include five tissues which are all derived from the somatic primordium : the distal tip cells"]},"other_names":["somatic germline"],"class":"anatomy_term"},"taxonomy":null,"label":"somatic gonad","other_names":["somatic germline"],"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"The components of the gonad that are separate from the germline proper. In hermaphrodite, these include five tissues which are all derived from the somatic primordium : the distal tip cells, the gonadal sheath, the spermatheca, the spermatheca-uterine valve (sp-ut) and the uterus."},{"taxonomy":null,"label":"blastocoel","wbid":"WBbt:0008427","name":{"id":"WBbt:0008427","taxonomy":null,"label":"blastocoel","highlight":{"description_all":["developing embryo at the onset of gastrulation, surrounded by the early blastomeres, into which some cells"]},"other_names":[],"class":"anatomy_term"},"description":"The fluid-filled compartment inside the developing embryo at the onset of gastrulation, surrounded by the early blastomeres, into which some cells begin to migrate at gastrulation to create a multi-layered embryo. This internal space later is converted into the pseudocoelom as the embryo develops.","page_type":"anatomy_term","other_names":null},{"other_names":["pocket cell"],"page_type":"anatomy_term","description":"a structural (glial) cell which forms an specialized environment surrounding the sensory ending(s) of one or more neurons; sometimes accompanied by a more distal socket cell. In early development of the sensory nerves and of the nerve ring some sheath cells (cephalics and labials) may also provide a substrate for axon guidance","name":{"class":"anatomy_term","other_names":["pocket cell"],"highlight":{"description_all":["In early development of the sensory nerves and of the nerve ring some sheath cells (cephalics and labials"]},"taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0005811","label":"neuronal sheath cell"},"wbid":"WBbt:0005811","label":"neuronal sheath cell","taxonomy":null},{"taxonomy":null,"label":"ventral ganglion","name":{"label":"ventral ganglion","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0005298","highlight":{"description_all":["The cells are bounded by a basal lamina which physically separates them from the lateral ganglion even"]},"class":"anatomy_term","other_names":["ventral ganglia"]},"wbid":"WBbt:0005298","description":"ganglion lies beside the nerve ring in the head, just anterior of the retrovesicular ganglion. It contains about 20 interneuron and motorneuron cell bodies that all send their neuronal processes into the ring. The cell bodies are divided into two groups by the intrusion of the excretory duct and canal. The cells are bounded by a basal lamina which physically separates them from the lateral ganglion even though they are adjacent to one another.","page_type":"anatomy_term","other_names":["ventral ganglia"]},{"name":{"other_names":["exoskeleton"],"class":"anatomy_term","label":"cuticle","taxonomy":null,"id":"WBbt:0005755","highlight":{"description_all":["a rigid external coating which is secreted by the hypodermis, seam and some transitional epithelial cells"]}},"wbid":"WBbt:0005755","taxonomy":null,"label":"cuticle","other_names":["exoskeleton"],"description":"a rigid external coating which is secreted by the hypodermis, seam and some transitional epithelial cells which covers the outer body, the major openings into the body cavity from the exterior, and two large sensory bristles, the male spicules. The cuticle of the spicules, the hook, and of some portions of the spicule channels is especially rigid and is probably sclerotized. Similar sclerotic features are occasionally noted in the ventral surface of the male tail fan.","page_type":"anatomy_term"},{"description":"Small linear ridges running along the lateral lines of the cuticle, lengthwise along the body; these thickenings lie in register with the seam cells which likely produce them and are present in the cuticle of the L1, dauer and adult stages, but not in other larval stages. The alae are suspected to provide better traction when the animal generates a bodywave. Since the animal usually lies on its side, the alae are in perfect position to catch against the substrate.","page_type":"anatomy_term","other_names":["alae"],"taxonomy":null,"label":"cuticular ala","wbid":"WBbt:0007832","name":{"highlight":{"description_all":["lateral lines of the cuticle, lengthwise along the body; these thickenings lie in register with the seam cells"]},"taxonomy":null,"label":"cuticular ala","id":"WBbt:0007832","other_names":["alae"],"class":"anatomy_term"}}],"query":"proctodeal cells","species":null,"count":185,"uri":"search/anatomy_term/proctodeal%20cells/all"}