"qPCR was performed for the immune genes including
daf-16,
tol-1,
ilys-3 and other pathway involved genes namely,
daf-12,
pmk-1 and
ins-7. Apparently, C. elegans specific genes were significantly up regulated against the live PAO1 bacterial infection rather than the isolated LPS moiety infections (Figs. 13, 14)... C. elegans
tol-1, a predicted transmembrane protein responsible for the pathogen avoidance showed characteristic features in the expression. In live PAO1 infection, the
tol-1 was expressed during the initial phases of infection and a maximum tenfold expression was observed at 24 h compared to the control. However, at later stages of infection (48 h), the expression was found to be significantly low (Fig. 13a). However, during exposure with the LPS moiety the C. elegans
tol-1 mRNA was higher (0.5 fold) only at the concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml but with 1.5 and 2.0 mg/ml concentration of LPS moiety infection, the
tol-1 expression was reduced gradually to 0.25 fold (Fig. 13b)."