ABSTRACT: Transposable elements may acquire unrelated gene fragments into their sequences in a process called transduplication. Transduplication of protein-coding genes is common in plants, but is unknown of in animals. Here, we report that the Turmoil-1 transposable element in C. elegans has incorporated two protein-coding sequences into its inverted terminal repeat (ITR) sequences. The ITRs of Turmoil-1 contain a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM) that originated from the
rsp-2 gene and a fragment from the protein-coding region of the
cpg-3 gene. We further report that an open reading frame specific to C. elegans may have been created as a result of a Turmoil-1 insertion. Mutations at the 5'' splice site of this open reading frame may have reactivated the transduplicated RRM motif. Reviewers: This article was reviewed by Dan Graur and William Martin. For the full reviews, please go to the Reviewers'' Reports section.