Figure 1. Mutations in E3 ubiquitin ligase genes and
glr-1 affect spontaneous reversal frequencies: A. Spontaneous reversal frequency assays were performed using C. elegans strains harboring mutations in E3 ubiquitin ligases. Box and whisker plots show the average reversals per minute, bounded by quartiles; the line in each box represents the median of the average reversals per minute for each genotype. N=23 individual animals measured for WT,
hrd-1, and
hrdl-1; N=24 individual animals for
marc-6. * = p <0.05 (p=0.00069 for
marc-6; p=0.032 for
hrd-1); for
hrdl-1, p= 0.14. Significance was calculated using the Tukey-Kramer test following a one-way ANOVA. The data is normally distributed (Shapiro-Wilk test, p=0.37) and groups show equal variance (residuals vs. fitted plot). B. Spontaneous reversal frequency for wild-type and
glr-1 (
n2461) animals. N=20 individual animals for both genotypes; significance was calculated using Student's t-test (p=0.0063). The data is normally distributed (Shapiro-Wilk test, p=0.52) and groups show equal variance (residuals vs. fitted plot). C. Schematics of E3 ubiquitin ligase genes and
glr-1 (Oswald et al., 2020). Schematics were made and annotated using
http://wormweb.org/exonintron. The mutant E3 ubiquitin ligase strain
hrd-1 contains an indel,
hrdl-1 contains a deletion and
marc-6 contains a nonsense mutation resulting in a premature stop codon.