ECM31
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase; required for pantothenic acid biosynthesis, converts 2-oxoisovalerate into 2-dehydropantoate
PAN5
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2-dehydropantoate 2-reductase; part of the pantothenic acid pathway, structurally homologous to E. coli panE
IFM1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mitochondrial translation initiation factor 2
PDH1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Putative 2-methylcitrate dehydratase; mitochondrial protein that participates in respiration; induced by diauxic shift; homologous to E. coli PrpD, may take part in the conversion of 2-methylcitrate to 2-methylisocitrate
Alg-2-PC
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Alg-2-PC
Hmg-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Hmg-2-PA
NT5E-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is NT5E-2-PA
PRE8
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alpha 2 subunit of the 20S proteasome
Tret1-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Tret1-2-PA
Vha14-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Vha14-2-PA
Vha68-2-PF
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Vha68-2-PF
Zip42C.2-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Zip42C.2-PB
Ance-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Ance-2-PA
Dcr-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Dcr-2-PA
Der-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Der-2-PA
Fmo-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Fmo-2-PA
galla-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is galla-2-PA
kl-2-PD
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is kl-2-PD
Lsd-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Lsd-2-PA
Mi-2-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Mi-2-PB
P5cr-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is P5cr-2-PA
pHCl-2-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is pHCl-2-PB
RpL37-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is RpL37-2-PA
Vha16-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Vha16-2-PA
Vha36-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Vha36-2-PA
VhaAC39-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is VhaAC39-2-PA
Ada1-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Ada1-2-PA
Atf-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Atf-2-PA
Drl-2-PC
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Drl-2-PC
I-2-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is I-2-PB
Menl-2-PE
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Menl-2-PE
Nup93-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Nup93-2-PA
Pgam5-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Pgam5-2-PA
primo-2-PC
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is primo-2-PC
TfAP-2-PD
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is TfAP-2-PD
Trf4-2-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Trf4-2-PB
Vha100-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Vha100-2-PA
cv-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is cv-2-PA
IA-2-PC
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is IA-2-PC
Indy-2-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Indy-2-PB
nerfin-2-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is nerfin-2-PB
Ntf-2-PE
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Ntf-2-PE
p24-2-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is
p24-2-PB
Reg-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Reg-2-PA
Smyd4-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Smyd4-2-PA
VhaPPA1-2-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is VhaPPA1-2-PB
Hsc70-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Hsc70-2-PA
RluA-2-PD
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is RluA-2-PD
SmydA-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is SmydA-2-PA
APS2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Small subunit of the clathrin-associated adaptor complex AP-2; AP-2 is involved in protein sorting at the plasma membrane; related to the sigma subunit of the mammalian plasma membrane clathrin-associated protein (AP-2) complex
YLR154C-G
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Putative protein of unknown function; identified by fungal homology comparisons and RT-PCR; this ORF is contained within RDN25-2 and RDN37-2
l(2)03659-PC
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)03659-PC
l(2)05287-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)05287-PB
l(2)05714-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)05714-PB
l(2)10685-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)10685-PA
l(2)34Fc-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)34Fc-PB
l(2)34Fd-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)34Fd-PA
l(2)41Ab-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)41Ab-PA
l(2)efl-PC
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)efl-PC
c(2)M-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is c(2)M-PA
l(2)gl-PJ
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)gl-PJ
l(2)SH0834-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)SH0834-PA
ms(2)34Fe-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is ms(2)34Fe-PA
e(y)2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is e(y)2-PA
l(2)dtl-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)dtl-PA
l(2)gd1-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)
gd1-PB
l(2)37Cd-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)37Cd-PA
TfIIA-S-2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is TfIIA-S-2-PA
fl(2)d-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is fl(2)d-PA
Fs(2)Ket-PE
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Fs(2)Ket-PE
fs(2)ltoPP43-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is fs(2)ltoPP43-PA
l(2)09851-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)09851-PB
l(2)37Bb-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)37Bb-PA
l(2)37Cb-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is l(2)37Cb-PA
ms(2)35Ci-PC
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is ms(2)35Ci-PC
ref(2)P-PB
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is ref(2)P-PB
Su(z)2-PC
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Su(z)2-PC
APM4
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cargo-binding mu subunit of AP-2; AP-2 is a heterotetrameric endocytic cargo-binding adaptor that facilitates uptake of membrane proteins during clathrin-mediated endocytosis; Apm4p is required for AP-2 function and localization, and binds cell wall stress receptor Mid2p; AP-2 is required for cell polarity responses to pheromone, nutritional status and cell wall damage in S. cerevisiae, and for hyphal growth in C. albicans; AP-2 complex is conserved in mammals
Su(var)2-10-PI
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Su(var)2-10-PI
ODC2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mitochondrial inner membrane transporter; 2-oxodicarboxylate transporter, exports 2-oxoadipate and 2-oxoglutarate from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosol for use in lysine and glutamate biosynthesis and in lysine catabolism; ODC2 has a paralog, ODC1, that arose from the whole genome duplication
Su(var)2-HP2-PA
Drosophila melanogaster Flybase gene name is Su(var)2-HP2-PA
ODC1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mitochondrial inner membrane transporter; 2-oxodicarboxylate transporter, exports 2-oxoadipate and 2-oxoglutarate from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosol for lysine and glutamate biosynthesis and lysine catabolism; suppresses, in multicopy, an
fmc1 null mutation; ODC1 has a paralog, ODC2, that arose from the whole genome duplication
MRS2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mitochondrial inner membrane Mg(2+) channel; required for maintenance of intramitochondrial Mg(2+) concentrations at the correct level to support splicing of group II introns; similar to bacterial CorA
TPT1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae tRNA 2'-phosphotransferase; catalyzes the final step in tRNA splicing, transferring the 2'-PO(4) from the splice junction to NAD(+), forming ADP-ribose 1''-2''cyclic phosphate and nicotinamide; ADP-ribosyltransferase that ADP-ribosylates 5'-phosphorylated ssDNA and ssRNAs; human and mouse orthologs complement the inviability of the yeast null mutant
ICL2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2-methylisocitrate lyase of the mitochondrial matrix; functions in the methylcitrate cycle to catalyze the conversion of 2-methylisocitrate to succinate and pyruvate; ICL2 transcription is repressed by glucose and induced by ethanol
SLM3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae tRNA-specific 2-thiouridylase; responsible for 2-thiolation of the wobble base of mitochondrial tRNAs; human homolog TRMU is implicated in myoclonus epilepsy associated with ragged red fibers (MERRF), and can complement yeast null mutant
TRM732
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein involved in 2'-O-methylation of C32 of substrate tRNAs; interacts with 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase Trm7p; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm; non-essential gene; yeast null mutant can be functionally complemented by human THADA, mutations in which have been implicated in epithelial thyroid adenomas, type 2 diabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
DGR1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein of unknown function;
dgr1 null mutant is resistant to 2-deoxy-D-glucose
DLD2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, and minor D-lactate dehydrogenase; mitochondrial matrix protein that oxidizes D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG), an oncometabolite, to alpha-ketoglutarate with a minor role in lactate catabolism; located in the mitochondrial matrix
MRPL27
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit; homolog of human Bcl-2 interacting protein BMRP
YVC1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vacuolar cation channel; mediates release of Ca(2+) from the vacuole in response to hyperosmotic shock
IPK1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate 2-kinase; nuclear protein required for synthesis of 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate (phytate), which is integral to cell function; has 2 motifs conserved in other fungi;
ipk1 gle1 double mutant is inviable; human IPPK can complement
ipk1 null mutant
TRM3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase; catalyzes the ribose methylation of the guanosine nucleotide at position 18 of tRNAs
APL3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alpha-adaptin; large subunit of the clathrin associated protein complex (AP-2); involved in vesicle mediated transport
EFT1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Elongation factor 2 (eEF2, EF-2), also encoded by EFT2; catalyzes ribosomal translocation during protein synthesis; contains diphthamide, the unique posttranslationally modified histidine residue specifically ADP-ribosylated by diphtheria toxin; EFT1 has a paralog, EFT2, that arose from the whole genome duplication
EFT2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (eEF2, EF-2); also encoded by EFT1; catalyzes ribosomal translocation during protein synthesis; contains diphthamide, the unique posttranslationally modified histidine residue specifically ADP-ribosylated by diphtheria toxin; EFT2 has a paralog, EFT1, that arose from the whole genome duplication
DIM1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Essential 18S rRNA dimethylase (dimethyladenosine transferase); responsible for conserved
m6(2)Am6(2)A dimethylation in 3'-terminal loop of 18S rRNA, part of 90S and 40S pre-particles in nucleolus, involved in pre-ribosomal RNA processing; human homolog DIMT1 complements yeast
dim1 mutant
MPO1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dioxygenase that catalyzes alpha-oxygenation of 2-hydroxy fatty acids; involved in metabolism of phytosphingosine; not an essential gene
TRM7
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase; methylates the 2'-O-ribose of tRNA-Phe, tRNA-Trp, and tRNA-Leu at positions C32 and N34 of tRNA anticodon loop; crucial biological role likely modification of tRNA-Phe; interacts with Trm732p and Rtt10p in 2'-O-methylation of C32 and N34 substrate tRNAs, respectively; yeast null mutant can be functionally complemented by human FTSJ1, mutations in which have been implicated in nonsyndromic X-linked intellectual disability (NSXLID)
CUP1-2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metallothionein; binds copper and mediates resistance to high concentrations of copper and cadmium; locus is variably amplified in different strains, with two copies, CUP1-1 and CUP1-2, in the genomic sequence reference strain S288C; CUP1-2 has a paralog, CUP1-1, that arose from a segmental duplication
GPM1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Tetrameric phosphoglycerate mutase; mediates the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate during glycolysis and the reverse reaction during gluconeogenesis
CUP1-1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metallothionein; binds copper and mediates resistance to high concentrations of copper and cadmium; locus is variably amplified in different strains, with two copies, CUP1-1 and CUP1-2, in the genomic sequence reference strain S288C; CUP1-1 has a paralog, CUP1-2, that arose from a segmental duplication
ARO1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pentafunctional arom protein; catalyzes steps 2 through 6 in the biosynthesis of chorismate, which is a precursor to aromatic amino acids
ALR1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Plasma membrane Mg(2+) transporter; expression and turnover are regulated by Mg(2+) concentration; overexpression confers increased tolerance to Al(3+) and Ga(3+) ions; magnesium transport defect of the null mutant is functionally complemented by either of the human genes MAGT1 and TUSC3 that are not orthologous to ALR1
ERR2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Enolase, a phosphopyruvate hydratase; catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate; complements the growth defect of an ENO1 ENO2 double mutant
ALR2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Probable Mg(2+) transporter; overexpression confers increased tolerance to Al(3+) and Ga(3+) ions; plays a role in regulating Ty1 transposition
TRM9
Saccharomyces cerevisiae tRNA methyltransferase; catalyzes modification of wobble bases in tRNA anticodons to 2, 5-methoxycarbonylmethyluridine and 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine; may act as part of a complex with Trm112p; deletion mutation increases translational infidelity, including amino acid misincorporation and -1 frameshifting, and also confers resistance to zymocin; null mutant displays activation of stress responses
RIT1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Initiator methionine 2'-O-ribosyl phosphate transferase; modifies the initiator methionine tRNA at position 64 to distinguish it from elongator methionine tRNA
YER152C
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein with 2-aminoadipate transaminase activity; shares amino acid similarity with the aminotransferases Aro8p and Aro9p; YER152C is not an essential gene
RPS6A
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein component of the small (40S) ribosomal subunit; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein S6, no bacterial homolog; phosphorylated on S233 by Ypk3p in a TORC1-dependent manner, and on S232 in a TORC1/2-dependent manner by Ypk1/2/3p; RPS6A has a paralog, RPS6B, that arose from the whole genome duplication
DOG1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate phosphatase; member of a family of low molecular weight phosphatases; confers 2-deoxyglucose resistance when overexpressed; DOG1 has a paralog, DOG2, that arose from a single-locus duplication; the last half of DOG1 and DOG2 are subject to gene conversions among S. cerevisiae, S. paradoxus, and S. mikatae
RPS6B
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein component of the small (40S) ribosomal subunit; homologous to mammalian ribosomal protein S6, no bacterial homolog; phosphorylated on S233 by Ypk3p in a TORC1-dependent manner, and on S232 in a TORC1/2-dependent manner by Ypk1/2/3p; RPS6B has a paralog, RPS6A, that arose from the whole genome duplication
PFK26
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase; inhibited by phosphoenolpyruvate and sn-glycerol 3-phosphate; has negligible fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase activity; transcriptional regulation involves protein kinase A
TRM13
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2'-O-methyltransferase; responsible for modification of tRNA at position 4; C-terminal domain has similarity to Rossmann-fold (RFM) superfamily of RNA methyltransferases
ERR3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Enolase, a phosphopyruvate hydratase; catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate; complements the growth defect of an ENO1 ENO2 double mutant in glucose
YLR345W
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Similar to 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase enzymes; mRNA expression is repressed by the Rfx1p-Tup1p-Ssn6p repressor complex; YLR345W is not an essential gene
PRK1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ser/Thr protein kinase; regulates the organization and function of the actin cytoskeleton; inhibits clathrin-mediated endocytosis; phosphorylates the Pan1p and Sla1p subunits of the Pan1p-Sla1p-End3p complex, resulting in inhibition of complex formation; inhibits Scd5p through phosphorylation; phosphorylates Pan1p-interacting proteins, Ent1/2 and Yap1801/2; negatively regulated through autophosphorylation; functional overlap with ARK1
CYC7
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cytochrome c isoform 2, expressed under hypoxic conditions; also known as
iso-2-cytochrome c; electron carrier of the mitochondrial intermembrane space that transfers electrons from ubiquinone-cytochrome c oxidoreductase to cytochrome c oxidase during cellular respiration; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; CYC7 has a paralog, CYC1, that arose from the whole genome duplication
DOG2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate phosphatase; member of a family of low molecular weight phosphatases, induced by oxidative and osmotic stress, confers 2-deoxyglucose resistance when overexpressed; DOG2 has a paralog, DOG1, that arose from a single-locus duplication; the last half of DOG1 and DOG2 are subject to gene conversions among S. cerevisiae, S. paradoxus, and S. mikatae
RIB3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone-4-phosphate synthase (DHBP synthase); required for riboflavin biosynthesis from ribulose-5-phosphate, also has an unrelated function in mitochondrial respiration
LYS14
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Transcriptional activator involved in regulating lysine biosynthesis; involved in the regulation of genes of the lysine biosynthesis pathway; requires 2-aminoadipate semialdehyde as co-inducer
LSO1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein with a potential role in response to iron deprivation; transcription increases during iron deprivation and during treatment with 2-(6-benzyl-2-pyridyl)quinazoline (BPQ) and copper; regulated by Aft1p and, to a lesser extent, by Aft2p; originally identified as a syntenic homolog of an Ashbya gossypii gene; localizes to nucleus and cytoplasm, and nuclear localization is enhanced under iron-replete conditions
PUT4
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proline permease; required for high-affinity transport of proline; also transports the toxic proline analog azetidine-2-carboxylate (AzC); PUT4 transcription is repressed in ammonia-grown cells
LPP1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Lipid phosphate phosphatase; catalyzes Mg(2+)-independent dephosphorylation of phosphatidic acid (PA), lysophosphatidic acid, and diacylglycerol pyrophosphate; involved in control of the cellular levels of phosphatidylinositol and PA
APL1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Beta-adaptin; large subunit of the clathrin associated protein complex (AP-2); involved in vesicle mediated transport; similar to mammalian beta-chain of the clathrin associated protein complex
GPM3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nonfunctional homolog of Gpm1p phosphoglycerate mutase; if functional, would convert 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate in glycolysis; GPM3 has a paralog, GPM2, that arose from the whole genome duplication
CIT3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dual specificity mitochondrial citrate and methylcitrate synthase; catalyzes the condensation of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to form citrate and that of propionyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to form 2-methylcitrate
GPM2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nonfunctional homolog of Gpm1p phosphoglycerate mutase; if functional, would convert 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate in glycolysis; GPM2 has a paralog, GPM3, that arose from the whole genome duplication
NOP56
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Essential evolutionarily-conserved nucleolar protein; component of the box C/D snoRNP complexes that direct 2'-O-methylation of pre-rRNA during its maturation; overexpression causes spindle orientation defects
ARG81
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Zinc finger transcription factor involved in arginine-responsive genes; Zn(2)-Cys(6) binuclear cluster domain type; involved in the regulation of arginine-responsive genes; acts with Arg80p and Arg82p
YOL057W
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dipeptidyl-peptidase III; cleaves dipeptides from the amino terminus of target proteins; highly active on synthetic substrate Arg-Arg-2-naphthylamide; mammalian ortholog may be a biomarker for some cancers
DGR2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein of unknown function; null mutant is resistant to 2-deoxy-D-glucose and displays abnormally elongated buds; DGR2 has a paralog, YMR102C, that arose from the whole genome duplication
NYV1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae v-SNARE component of vacuolar SNARE complex; involved in vesicle fusion; inhibits ATP-dependent Ca(2+) transport activity of Pmc1p in vacuolar membrane; targeted to vacuole via AP-3 pathway
PFK27
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase; catalyzes synthesis of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate; inhibited by phosphoenolpyruvate and sn-glycerol 3-phosphate, expression induced by glucose and sucrose, transcriptional regulation involves protein kinase A
CHA4
Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA binding transcriptional activator; mediates serine/threonine activation of the catabolic L-serine (L-threonine) deaminase (CHA1); Zinc-finger protein with Zn[2]-Cys[6] fungal-type binuclear cluster domain
DLD3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2-hydroxyglutarate transhydrogenase, and minor D-lactate dehydrogenase; converts D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG), an oncometabolite, to alpha-ketoglutarate in the presence of FAD, with concomitant reduction of pyruvate to D-lactate; minor lactate dehydrogenase activity; component of the retrograde regulon that consists of genes whose expression are stimulated by damage to mitochondria and reduced in cells grown with glutamate as the sole nitrogen source; located in the cytoplasm
ART10
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein of unknown function that contains 2 PY motifs; ubiquinated by Rsp5p; overexpression confers resistance to arsenite; green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes it to the cytoplasm; non-essential gene
LEU4
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alpha-isopropylmalate synthase (2-isopropylmalate synthase); the main isozyme responsible for the first step in the leucine biosynthesis pathway; LEU4 has a paralog, LEU9, that arose from the whole genome duplication
ALE1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Broad-specificity lysophospholipid acyltransferase; part of MBOAT family of membrane-bound O-acyltransferases; key component of Lands cycle; may have role in fatty acid exchange at sn-2 position of mature glycerophospholipids
DPH5
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Methyltransferase required for synthesis of diphthamide; diphthamide is a modified histidine residue of translation elongation factor 2 (Eft1p or Eft2p); not essential for viability; GFP-Dph5p fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm
QCR2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Subunit 2 of ubiquinol cytochrome-c reductase (Complex III); Complex III is a component of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain; phosphorylated; transcription is regulated by Hap1p, Hap2p/Hap3p, and heme
KIP1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Kinesin-related motor protein; tracks plus-ends and stabilizes microtubules; required for mitotic spindle assembly, chromosome segregation, and 2 micron plasmid partitioning; functionally redundant with Cin8p for chromosomal but not plasmid functions
YLR154C-H
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Putative protein of unknown function; identified by fungal homology comparisons and RT-PCR; this ORF partially overlaps RDN5-2; YLR154C-H has a paralog, YLR157C-C, that arose from a segmental duplication
IPT1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Inositolphosphotransferase; involved in synthesis of mannose-(inositol-P)2-ceramide (M(IP)2C), the most abundant sphingolipid; can mutate to resistance to the antifungals syringomycin E and DmAMP1 and to K. lactis zymocin
YRM1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Zinc finger transcription factor involved in multidrug resistance; Zn(2)-Cys(6) zinc finger transcription factor; activates genes involved in multidrug resistance; paralog of Yrr1p, acting on an overlapping set of target genes
KAP104
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Transportin or cytosolic karyopherin beta 2; functions in the rg-nuclear localization signal-mediated nuclear import/reimport of mRNA-binding proteins Nab2p and Hrp1p; regulates asymmetric protein synthesis in daughter cells during mitosis
SNU114
Saccharomyces cerevisiae GTPase component of U5 snRNP involved in mRNA splicing via spliceosome; binds directly to U5 snRNA; proposed to be involved in conformational changes of the spliceosome; similarity to ribosomal translocation factor EF-2
YJL206C
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Putative protein of unknown function; similar to transcriptional regulators from the Zn[2]-Cys[6] binuclear cluster protein family; mRNA is weakly cell cycle regulated, peaking in S phase; induced rapidly upon MMS treatment
CIN4
Saccharomyces cerevisiae GTP-binding protein involved in beta-tubulin (Tub2p) folding; isolated as mutant with increased chromosome loss and sensitivity to benomyl; regulated by the GTPase-activating protein, Cin2p, the human retinitis pigmentosa 2 (RP2) homolog
EMC2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Member of conserved ER transmembrane complex; required for efficient folding of proteins in the ER; null mutant displays induction of the unfolded protein response; homologous to worm Y57G7A.10/EMC-2, fly CG17556, human TTC35
PUP1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Beta 2 subunit of the 20S proteasome; endopeptidase with trypsin-like activity that cleaves after basic residues; synthesized as a proprotein before being proteolytically processed for assembly into 20S particle; human homolog is subunit Z
MRM2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mitochondrial 2' O-ribose methyltransferase; required for methylation of U(2791) in 21S rRNA; MRM2 deletion confers thermosensitive respiration and loss of mitochondrial DNA; has similarity to Spb1p and Trm7p, and to E. coli FtsJ/RrmJ
ETR1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2-enoyl thioester reductase; member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family; localized to mitochondria, where it has a probable role in fatty acid synthesis; human MECR functionally complements the respiratory growth defect of the null mutant
CKB1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Beta regulatory subunit of casein kinase 2 (CK2); a Ser/Thr protein kinase with roles in cell growth and proliferation; CK2, comprised of CKA1, CKA2, CKB1 and CKB2, has many substrates including transcription factors and all RNA polymerases
CKB2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Beta' regulatory subunit of casein kinase 2 (CK2); a Ser/Thr protein kinase with roles in cell growth and proliferation; CK2, comprised of CKA1, CKA2, CKB1 and CKB2, has many substrates including transcription factors and all RNA polymerase
API2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Putative protein of unknown function; conserved among S. cerevisiae strains; not conserved in closely related Saccharomyces species; 26% of ORF overlaps the dubious ORF YDR524C-A; insertion mutation in a
cdc34-2 mutant background causes altered bud morphology
GLC8
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (Glc7p); involved in glycogen metabolism and chromosome segregation; proposed to regulate Glc7p activity via conformational alteration; ortholog of the mammalian protein phosphatase inhibitor 2; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress
TPP1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA 3'-phosphatase; functions in repair of endogenous damage of double-stranded DNA, activity is specific for removal of 3' phosphates at strand breaks; similar to the l-2-haloacid dehalogenase superfamily; homolog of human polynucleotide kinase/3'-phosphatase
ECI1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Peroxisomal delta3,delta2-enoyl-CoA isomerase; hexameric protein that converts 3-hexenoyl-CoA to trans-2-hexenoyl-CoA, essential for the beta-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids, oleate-induced; ECI1 has a paralog, DCI1, that arose from the whole genome duplication
SWT1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNA endoribonuclease involved in perinuclear mRNP quality control; involved in perinuclear mRNP quality control via the turnover of aberrant, unprocessed pre-mRNAs; interacts with subunits of THO/TREX, TREX-2, and RNA polymerase II; contains a PIN (PilT N terminus) domain
DPH1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein required for synthesis of diphthamide; required along with Dph2p, Kti11p, Jjj3p, and Dph5p; diphthamide is a modified histidine residue of translation elongation factor 2 (Eft1p or Eft2p); forms a complex with Dph2p that catalyzes the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis
DPH2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein required for synthesis of diphthamide; required along with Dph1p, Kti11p, Jjj3p, and Dph5p; diphthamide is a modified histidine residue of translation elongation factor 2 (Eft1p or Eft2p); forms a complex with Dph1p that catalyzes the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis
PAU21
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein of unknown function; member of the seripauperin multigene family encoded mainly in subtelomeric regions; SWAT-GFP, seamless-GFP and mCherry fusion proteins localize to the cytosol; identical to Pau22p; encodes two proteins that are translated from 2 different start codons
MF(ALPHA)1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alpha-factor mating pheromone made by alpha cells; interacts with mating type a cells to induce cell cycle arrest and other responses leading to mating; also encoded by MF(ALPHA)2, although MF(ALPHA)1 produces most alpha-factor; binds copper(II) ions
PRM8
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pheromone-regulated protein; contains with 2 predicted transmembrane segments and an FF sequence, a motif involved in COPII binding; forms a complex with Prp9p in the ER; member of DUP240 gene family; PRM8 has a paralog, PRM9, that arose from a segmental duplication
TRM44
Saccharomyces cerevisiae tRNA(Ser) Um(44) 2'-O-methyltransferase; involved in maintaining levels of the tRNA-Ser species tS(CGA) and tS(UGA); conserved among metazoans and fungi but there does not appear to be a homolog in plants; TRM44 is a non-essential gene
TUM1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rhodanese domain sulfur transferase; accepts persulfite from Nfs1p and transfers it to Uba4p in the pathway for 2-thiolation of the wobble uridine base of tRNAs; also stimulates sulfur transfer by Nfs1p; involved in metabolism of sterol esters; may be mitochondrially localized
HGH1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Chaperone protein for translation factor eEF2; involved in biogenesis of eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 (Eft1p, Eft2p); green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm; similar to mammalian BRP16 (Brain protein 16); relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress
PPR1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Zinc finger transcription factor; contains a Zn(2)-Cys(6) binuclear cluster domain, positively regulates transcription of URA1, URA3, URA4, and URA10, which are involved in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, in response to pyrimidine starvation; activity may be modulated by interaction with Tup1p
CPD1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase; hydrolyzes ADP-ribose 1'', 2''-cyclic phosphate to ADP-ribose 1''-phosphate; may have a role in tRNA splicing; no detectable phenotype is conferred by null mutation or by overexpression; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress
SLM2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Phosphoinositide PI4,5P(2) binding protein, forms a complex with Slm1p; acts downstream of Mss4p in a pathway regulating actin cytoskeleton organization in response to stress; TORC2 complex substrate and effector; SLM2 has a paralog, SLM1, that arose from the whole genome duplication
RNY1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vacuolar RNase of the T(2) family; relocalizes to the cytosol where it cleaves tRNAs upon oxidative or stationary phase stress; required for tRNA-specific translational pausing during oxidative stress; promotes apoptosis under stress conditions and this function is independent of Rny1p catalytic activity
CUP2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Copper-binding transcription factor; activates transcription of the metallothionein genes CUP1-1 and CUP1-2 in response to elevated copper concentrations; required for regulation of copper genes in response to DNA-damaging reagents; CUP2 has a paralog, HAA1, that arose from the whole genome duplication
COQ5
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2-hexaprenyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone methyltransferase; involved in ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q) biosynthesis; localizes to the matrix face of the mitochondrial inner membrane in a large complex with other ubiquinone biosynthetic enzymes; respiratory defect of the null mutant is partially complemented by human COQ5
LEU9
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alpha-isopropylmalate synthase II (2-isopropylmalate synthase); catalyzes the first step in the leucine biosynthesis pathway; the minor isozyme, responsible for the residual alpha-IPMS activity detected in a
leu4 null mutant; LEU9 has a paralog, LEU4, that arose from the whole genome duplication
SFI1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Centrin (Cdc31p)-binding protein required for SPB duplication; localizes to the half-bridge of the spindle pole body (SPB); required for progression through G(2)-M transition; phosphorylated by Cdc28p-Clb2p and by Cdc5p; dephosphorylated by Cdc14p; has similarity to Xenopus laevis XCAP-C
CKA1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alpha catalytic subunit of casein kinase 2 (CK2); a Ser/Thr protein kinase with roles in cell growth and proliferation; CK2, comprised of CKA1, CKA2, CKB1 and CKB2, has many substrates including transcription factors and all RNA polymerases; regulates Fkh1p-mediated donor preference during mating-type switching
COX1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV); Complex IV is the terminal member of the mitochondrial inner membrane electron transport chain; one of three mitochondrially-encoded subunits; number of introns in different strains varies from 2 to 8, with most strains having 4-6 introns
OAF3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Putative transcriptional repressor with Zn(2)-Cys(6) finger; negatively regulates transcription in response to oleate levels, based on mutant phenotype and localization to oleate-responsive promoters; the authentic, non-tagged protein is detected in highly purified mitochondria in high-throughput studies; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress
PDC2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Transcription factor for thiamine-regulated genes; required for expression of the two isoforms of pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC1 and PDC5) along with thiamine biosynthetic genes; binds a DNA sequence in the PDC5 promoter; mutant fails to grow on 2% glucose and thus is scored as inviable under standard conditions
ZUO1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ribosome-associated chaperone; zuotin functions in ribosome biogenesis and as a chaperone for nascent polypeptide chains in partnership with Ssz1p and SSb1/2; contains a DnaJ domain and functions as a J-protein partner for Ssb1p and Ssb2p; human gene DNAJC2 can partially complement yeast
zuo1 null mutant
TIF5
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Translation initiation factor eIF5; functions as both a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) that stimulates the hydrolysis of GTP bound to eIF-2, as part of the 43S preinitiation complex, and as a GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) to prevent recycling of eIF2; human ortholog eIF5 complements the yeast null mutant
THP1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nuclear pore-associated protein; component of TREX-2 complex (Sac3p-Thp1p-Sus1p-Cdc31p) involved in transcription elongation and mRNA export from the nucleus; involved in post-transcriptional tethering of active genes to the nuclear periphery and to non-nascent mRNP; contains a PAM domain implicated in protein-protein binding
SWR1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Swi2/Snf2-related ATPase; catalytic subunit of SWR1 complex, which exchanges histone variant H2A.Z (Htz1p) for chromatin-bound histone H2A; N-terminus can deliver H2A.Z-H2B dimer to DNA-(H3-H4)2 tetrasome; relocalizes to cytosol in response to hypoxia; chronological aging factor, mediates lifespan extension by dietary restriction
LPD1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase; the lipoamide dehydrogenase component (E3) of the pyruvate dehydrogenase and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase multi-enzyme complexes; PDH complex is concentrated in spots within the mitochondrial matrix, often near the ERMES complex and near peroxisomes; LPD1 has a paralog, IRC15, that arose from the whole genome duplication
RTT10
Saccharomyces cerevisiae WD40 domain-containing protein involved in endosomal recycling; forms a complex with Rrt2p that functions in the retromer-mediated pathway for recycling internalized cell-surface proteins; interacts with Trm7p for 2'-O-methylation of N34 of substrate tRNAs; has a role in regulation of Ty1 transposition; human ortholog is WDR6
HIT1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein involved in C/D snoRNP assembly; critical for formation of small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complexes that are required for rRNA processing and 2'-O-methylation; regulates abundance of Rsa1p; required for growth at high temperature; mutations in human homolog ZNHIT3 cause PEHO syndrome, a ribosomopathy characterized by extreme cerebellar atrophy
HST2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cytoplasmic NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase; deacetylation targets are primarily cytoplasmic proteins; member of the silencing information regulator 2 (Sir2) family of NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylases; modulates nucleolar (rDNA) and telomeric silencing; possesses NAD(+)-dependent histone deacetylase activity in vitro; contains a nuclear export signal (NES); function regulated by its nuclear export
SER3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate reductase; 3PG dehydrogenase that catalyzes the first step in serine and glycine biosynthesis; also functions as an alpha-ketoglutarate reductase, converting alpha-ketoglutarate to D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG); localizes to the cytoplasm; SER3 has a paralog, SER33, that arose from the whole genome duplication
SER33
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate reductase; 3PG dehydrogenase that catalyzes the first step in serine and glycine biosynthesis; also functions as an alpha-ketoglutarate reductase, converting alpha-ketoglutarate to D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG); localizes to the cytoplasm; SER33 has a paralog, SER3, that arose from the whole genome duplication
VAC14
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Enzyme regulator; involved in synthesis of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate, in control of trafficking of some proteins to the vacuole lumen via the MVB, and in maintenance of vacuole size and acidity; binds negative (Fig4p) and positive (Fab1p) regulators of PtdIns(3,5)P(2) to control endolysosome function; similar to mammalian Vac14p
SLM1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Phosphoinositide PI4,5P(2) binding protein, forms a complex with Slm2p; acts downstream of Mss4p in a pathway regulating actin cytoskeleton organization in response to stress; TORC2 complex substrate and effector; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; SLM1 has a paralog, SLM2, that arose from the whole genome duplication
CDC34
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2); catalytic subunit of SCF ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (together with Skp1p, Rbx1p, Cdc53p, and an F-box protein) that regulates cell cycle progression by targeting key substrates for degradation; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; human CDC34 functionally complements the thermosensitivity of the
cdc34-2 mutant
ENO1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Enolase I, a phosphopyruvate hydratase; catalyzes conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate during glycolysis and the reverse reaction during gluconeogenesis; expression repressed in response to glucose; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; N-terminally propionylated in vivo; ENO1 has a paralog, ENO2, that arose from the whole genome duplication
GIS2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Translational activator for mRNAs with internal ribosome entry sites; associates with polysomes and binds to a specific subset of mRNAs; localizes to RNA processing bodies (P bodies) and to stress granules; may have a role in translation regulation under stress conditions; ortholog of human ZNF9/CNBP, a gene involved in myotonic dystrophy type 2
ISC1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Inositol phosphosphingolipid phospholipase C; hydrolyzes complex sphingolipids to produce ceramide; regulates the spindle assembly checkpoint upstream of PP2A-Cdc55; activates genes required for non-fermentable carbon source metabolism during the diauxic shift; mediates Na+ and Li+ halotolerance; activated by phosphatidylserine, cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol; mitochondrial outer membrane protein; ortholog of mammalian neutral sphingomyelinase type 2
SIC1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI); inhibitor of Cdc28-Clb kinase complexes that controls G1/S phase transition, preventing premature S phase and ensuring genomic integrity; phosphorylated by Clb5/6-Cdk1 and Cln1/2-Cdk1 kinase which regulate timing of Sic1p degradation; phosphorylation targets Sic1p for SCF(CDC4)-dependent turnover; functional homolog of mammalian Kip1
ENO2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Enolase II, a phosphopyruvate hydratase; catalyzes conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate during glycolysis and the reverse reaction during gluconeogenesis; mRNA is asymmetrically distributed to daughter cells in a Sir2p-dependent manner, and asymmetry is lost during replicative aging; expression induced in response to glucose; ENO2 has a paralog, ENO1, that arose from the whole genome duplication
HXK2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hexokinase isoenzyme 2; phosphorylates glucose in cytosol; predominant hexokinase during growth on glucose; represses expression of HXK1, GLK1, induces expression of its own gene; antiapoptotic; phosphorylation/dephosphorylation at Ser14 by kinase Snf1p, phosphatase Glc7p-Reg1p regulates nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Hxk2p; functions downstream of Sit4p in control of cell cycle, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress resistance, chronological lifespan; has paralog HXK1
SAC3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae mRNA export factor; required for biogenesis of the small ribosomal subunit; component of TREX-2 complex (Sac3p-Thp1p-Sus1p-Cdc31p) involved in transcription elongation and mRNA export from the nucleus; involved in post-transcriptional tethering of active genes to the nuclear periphery and to non-nascent mRNP; similar to the human germinal center-associated nuclear protein (GANP)
PHO13
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Conserved phosphatase acting as a metabolite repair enzyme; shows specific dephosphorylating activity on two side-products of central carbohydrate metabolism, 2-phosphoglycolate and 4-phosphoerythronate; alkaline phosphatase specific for p-nitrophenyl phosphate; also has protein phosphatase activity; human ortholog PGP shows similar substrate specificity, deletion causes similar metabolite accumulation phenotypes, suggesting conserved role in eliminating glycolytic byproducts
SUS1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Global transcriptional regulator, component of SAGA, TREX-2 complexes; interacts with RNA polymerase II; involved in mRNA export coupled transcription activation and elongation; involved in post-transcriptional tethering of active genes to nuclear periphery and to non-nascent mRNP; plays role in negatively regulating telomere length through modulation of H2BK123 mono-ubiquitination and its interaction with nuclear pore complex
YPR1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae NADPH-dependent aldo-keto reductase; reduces multiple substrates including 2-methylbutyraldehyde and D,L-glyceraldehyde, expression is induced by osmotic and oxidative stress; functionally redundant with other aldo-keto reductases; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; YPR1 has a paralog, GCY1, that arose from the whole genome duplication; human homolog AKR1B1 can complement yeast null mutant
CKA2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alpha' catalytic subunit of casein kinase 2 (CK2); CK2 is a Ser/Thr protein kinase with roles in cell growth and proliferation; CK2, comprised of CKA1, CKA2, CKB1 and CKB2, has many substrates including transcription factors and all RNA polymerases; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; regulates Fkh1p-mediated donor preference during mating-type switching
CWH43
Saccharomyces cerevisiae GPI lipid remodelase; responsible for introducing ceramides into GPI anchors having a C26:0 fatty acid in sn-2 of the glycerol moiety; can also use lyso-GPI protein anchors and various base resistant lipids as substrates; contains 14-16 transmembrane segments and several putative glycosylation and phosphorylation sites; null mutation is synthetically lethal with
pkc1 deletion
VPS53
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Component of the GARP (Golgi-associated retrograde protein) complex; GARP is required for the recycling of proteins from endosomes to the late Golgi, and for mitosis after DNA damage induced checkpoint arrest; required for vacuolar protein sorting; members of the GARP complex are Vps51p-Vps52p-Vps53p-Vps54p; human ortholog is implicated in progressive cerebello-cerebral atrophy type 2 (PCCA2)
ECM22
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sterol regulatory element binding protein; regulates transcription of sterol biosynthetic genes upon sterol depletion, after relocating from intracellular membranes to perinuclear foci; redundant activator of filamentation with UPC2, up-regulating the expression of genes involved in filamentous growth; contains Zn[2]-Cys[6] binuclear cluster; ECM22 has a paralog, UPC2, that arose from the whole genome duplication
UGA3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Transcriptional activator for GABA-dependent induction of GABA genes; binds to DNA elements found in the promoters of target genes and increases their expression in the presence of GABA (gamma-aminobutyrate); zinc finger transcription factor of the Zn(2)-Cys(6) binuclear cluster domain type; localized to the nucleus; examples of GABA genes include UGA1, UGA2, and UGA4
CCC2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cu(+2)-transporting P-type ATPase; required for export of copper from cytosol into extracytosolic compartment; targeted to vacuole via AP-3 pathway; similar to human proteins involved in Menkes and Wilsons diseases; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; affects TBSV model (+)RNA virus replication by regulating copper metabolism; human homologs ATP7A and ATP7B both complement yeast null mutant
PAH1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mg2+-dependent phosphatidate (PA) phosphatase; dephosphorylates PA to yield diacylglycerol; regulates phospholipid synthesis, nuclear/ER membrane growth, lipid droplet formation, triacylglycerol synthesis, vacuolar homeostasis and cell wall integrity; phosphorylated by Pho85p/Pho80p, Cdc28p/Cyclin B, PKA, PKC, and CKII, regulating activity, localization, and proteosomal degradation; homolog of mammalian lipins 1 and 2; human homologs LPIN1, LPIN2, LPIN3 complement the null
RAD4
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Damaged-DNA binding subunit of Nuclear Excision Repair Factor 2; recognizes and binds damaged DNA with Rad23p during nucleotide excision repair (NER); also involved with Rad23p in turnover of ubiquitylated proteins; Rad4p-Rad23p heterodimer binds to promoters of DNA damage response genes to repress their transcription in the absence of DNA damage; RAD4 and RAD51 pathways confer resistance to benzo[a]pyrene dihydrodiol
RPD3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Histone deacetylase, component of both Rpd3S and Rpd3L complexes; regulates transcription, silencing, autophagy and other processes by influencing chromatin remodeling; forms at least two different complexes which have distinct functions and members; Rpd3(L) recruitment to the subtelomeric region is regulated by interaction with the Hmt1p methyltransferase; delays late firing of single copy origins by opposing the Fkh1/2 origin activation pathway
ROD1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alpha-arrestin involved in ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis; activating dephosphorylation relays glucose signaling to transporter endocytosis; calcineurin dephosphorylation is required for Rsp5p-dependent internalization of agonist-occupied Ste2p, as part of signal desensitization; recruits Rsp5p to Ste2p via its 2 PPXY motifs; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; ROD1 has a paralog, ROG3, that arose from the whole genome duplication
MOD5
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Delta 2-isopentenyl pyrophosphate:tRNA isopentenyl transferase; required for biosynthesis of isopentenyladenosine in mitochondrial and cytoplasmic tRNAs; also has a role in tRNA gene-mediated silencing; gene encodes two isozymic forms; converts to a prion form, prion conversion contributes to azole antifungal resistance by upregulating ergosterol biosynthesis; homolog of human TRIT1, a mutation in which is associated with severe combined respiratory chain defects
SAC6
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fimbrin, actin-bundling protein; cooperates with Scp1p in organization and maintenance of the actin cytoskeleton; phosphorylated by Cdc28p/Clb2p in metaphase on T103, to regulate conformation, and modulate actin filament binding affinity and actin cable dynamics; relocalizes from the plasma membrane to the cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; human homologs PLS3 and LCP1 implicated in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) can each complement yeast null mutant
COQ8
Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATPase required for ubiquinone biosynthesis and respiratory growth; maintains levels of CoQ biosynthetic proteins; binds to CoQ biosynthesis intermediates; UbiB protein kinase-like family member that lacks canonical protein kinase activity; similar to prokaryotic proteins involved in ubiquinone biosynthesis; human homolog ADCK3 complements a
coq8 null, is associated with CoQ and respiratory-chain deficiencies, and is mutated in autosomal-recessive cerebellar ataxia type 2
TDH2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), isozyme 2; involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; tetramer that catalyzes reaction of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3 bis-phosphoglycerate; detected in cytoplasm and cell wall; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; GAPDH-derived antimicrobial peptides are active against a wide variety of wine-related yeasts and bateria; TDH2 has a paralog, TDH3, that arose from the whole genome duplication
MAF1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Highly conserved negative regulator of RNA polymerase III; involved in tRNA processing and stability; inhibits tRNA degradation via rapid tRNA decay (RTD) pathway; binds N-terminal domain of Rpc160p subunit of Pol III to prevent closed-complex formation; regulated by phosphorylation mediated by TORC1, protein kinase A, Sch9p, casein kinase 2; localizes to cytoplasm during vegetative growth and translocates to nucleus and nucleolus under stress conditions
FAR11
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein involved in recovery from cell cycle arrest; acts in response to pheromone; also involved in regulation of intra-S DNA damage checkpoint and autophagy; is essential for dephosphorylation of Atg13p; interacts with Far3p, Far7p, Far8p, Far9p, Far10p and with the phosphatases Pph21p, Pph22p and Pph3p; has similarity to the N- and C-termini of N. crassa HAM-2; similar to human Fam40A and Fam40B
LDB19
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alpha-arrestin, Ub-ligase adaptor for Rsp5p; regulates starvation- and substrate-induced Ub-dependent endocytosis of select plasma membrane localized amino acid transporters, recruiting Rsp5p to its targets; role in basal internalization and turnover of Ste2p, mating and zygote formation; recruits Rsp5p to Ste2p via its 2 PPXY motifs; inhibited by Npr1p-mediated phosphorylation, affecting cytosol and plasma membrane translocation; localization regulated by Rsp5p-dependent ubiquitination
PUT3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Transcriptional activator; binds specific gene recruitment sequences and is required for DNA zip code-mediated targeting of genes to nuclear periphery; regulates proline utilization genes, constitutively binds PUT1 and PUT2 promoters as a dimer, undergoes conformational change to form active state; binds other promoters only under activating conditions; differentially phosphorylated in presence of different nitrogen sources; has a Zn(2)-Cys(6) binuclear cluster domain
SEM1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 19S proteasome regulatory particle lid subcomplex component; role in Ub-dependent proteolysis and proteasome stability; involved in TREX-2 mediated mRNA export, and in the prevention of transcription-associated genome instability; ubiquitinated by Nedd4-like E3-ligase, Rsp5p; human ortholog DSS1, a BRCA1 binding protein implicated in cancer, complements the yeast null; drives trinucleotide repeat expansion; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress
UPC2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sterol regulatory element binding protein; induces sterol biosynthetic genes, upon sterol depletion; acts as a sterol sensor, binding ergosterol in sterol rich conditions; relocates from intracellular membranes to perinuclear foci upon sterol depletion; redundant activator of filamentation with ECM22, up-regulating the expression of filamentous growth genes; contains a Zn[2]-Cys[6] binuclear cluster; UPC2 has a paralog, ECM22, that arose from the whole genome duplication
SEN1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATP-dependent 5' to 3' RNA/DNA and DNA helicase; subunit of the exosome-associated Nrd1p complex that mediates 3' end formation of snRNAs, snoRNAs, CUTs and some mRNAs; helicase-independent role in transcription-coupled repair; coordinates replication with transcription, associating with moving forks and preventing errors that occur when forks encounter transcribed regions; homolog of Senataxin, implicated in Ataxia-Oculomotor Apraxia 2 and a dominant form of juvenile ALS
USB1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Putative poly(U)-specific 3'-to-5' RNA exonuclease; involved in 3'-end processing of U6 snRNA removing uridines and generating a terminal 2′,3′ cyclic phosphate; essential protein that localizes to the nucleus and mitochondria; overexpression suppresses the respiratory defects of
oxa1 and
mtf2 mutants; homolog of S.pombe gene,
mpn1 and human gene, hUSB1; mutations in hUSB1 are associated with a rare genodermatosis, poikiloderma with neutropenia (OMIM 604173)
POG1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA-binding transcriptional activator; involved in cell cycle regulation; overexpression promotes recovery from pheromone induced arrest via CLN1/2 transcription, induction of of IME1 during sporulation, and suppression of stress sensitivity resulting from mutation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Rsp5p; binds upstream of BAR1 and cell cycle-related genes; phosphorylated form may be ubiquitinated by Dma2p; potential Cdc28p substrate; regulated by Swi4/6 cell-cycle box binding factor (SBF)
RAD23
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteasome-associated ubiquitin receptor; K48-specific Ub chain binding protein that recruits substrates to the proteasome; subunit of nuclear excision repair factor 2 (NER2) with Rad4p that binds damaged DNA during NER, linking repair to proteolysis; NER2 binds DDR gene promoters to repress transcription in the absence of damage; stimulates Png1p-induced protein deglycosylation; contains a Ub-like (UBL) and two Ub-associated (UBA) domains; UBA2 protects Rad23p from proteasomal degradation
TPA1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Prolyl hydroxylase; catalyzes oxygen-dependent dihydroxylation of Rps23a/b, a 40S ribosomal decoding center subunit; influences translational termination and regulates translational accuracy; interacts with Sup45p (eRF1), Sup35p (eRF3) and Pab1p; disputed role as a oxidative dealkylase repairing DNA methyl-base lesions; poly(rA)-binding protein affecting poly(A) tail length and mRNA stability; Fe(II)/2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase family member similar to human prolyl 4-hydroxylase OGFOD1
ASP3-4
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cell-wall L-asparaginase II involved in asparagine catabolism; expression induced during nitrogen starvation; ORF contains a short non-coding RNA that enhances expression of full-length gene; likely arose in via horizontal gene transfer from the wine yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus or a close relative; enzyme preparation shows antitumor activity; reference strain S288C has four copies of ASP3; ASP3-4 has a paralog, ASP3-2, that arose from a segmental duplication
HSC82
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cytoplasmic chaperone of the Hsp90 family; plays a role in determining prion variants; redundant in function and nearly identical with Hsp82p, and together they are essential; expressed constitutively at 10-fold higher basal levels than HSP82 and induced 2-3 fold by heat shock; contains two acid-rich unstructured regions that promote the solubility of chaperone-substrate complexes; HSC82 has a paralog, HSP82, that arose from the whole genome duplication
MYO5
Saccharomyces cerevisiae One of two type I myosin motors; involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis; activation by TEDS site phosphorylation increases actin gliding, motor activity and ligand-induced endocytosis; contains proline-rich tail homology 2 (TH2) and SH3 domains; MYO5 deletion has little effect on growth, but
myo3 myo5 double deletion causes severe defects in growth and actin cytoskeleton organization; MYO5 has a paralog, MYO3, that arose from the whole genome duplication
YPK1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae S/T protein kinase; required for PM lipid and protein homeostasis; involved in sphingolipid-mediated and cell integrity signaling pathways and endocytosis; phosphorylates and downregulates Fpk1p; phosphorylates and inactivates Orm1p/2p when sphingolipid synthesis is compromised; role in TORC1/2-dependent Rps6a/b phosphorylation; phosphorylated and activated by TORC2 and by Pkh1/2p in the presence of phytosphingosine; human homolog SGK1 complements the null and inviability of a
ypk1 ypk2 mutant
ASP3-2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cell-wall L-asparaginase II involved in asparagine catabolism; expression induced during nitrogen starvation; ORF contains a short non-coding RNA that enhances expression of full-length gene; likely arose in via horizontal gene transfer from the wine yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus or a close relative; enzyme preparation shows antitumor activity; reference strain S288C has four copies of ASP3; ASP3-2 has a paralog, ASP3-4, that arose from a segmental duplication
BXI1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein involved in apoptosis; variously described as containing a BCL-2 homology (BH3) domain or as a member of the BAX inhibitor family; reported to promote apoptosis under some conditions and to inhibit it in others; localizes to ER and vacuole; may link the unfolded protein response to apoptosis via regulation of calcium-mediated signaling; translocates to mitochondria under apoptosis-inducing conditions in a process involving Mir1p and Cor1p
IRC20
Saccharomyces cerevisiae E3 ubiquitin ligase and putative helicase; involved in synthesis-dependent strand annealing-mediated homologous recombination; ensures precise end-joining along with Srs2p in the Yku70p/Yku80p/Lig4p-dependent NHEJ pathway; controls 2-micron plasmid copy number by regulating the levels of the Flp1p recombinase; localizes to both the mitochondrion and the nucleus; contains a Snf2/Swi2 family ATPase/helicase and a RING finger domain; null mutant displays increased levels of spontaneous Rad52p foci
STU1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Microtubule plus-end-tracking non-motor protein; binds to MTs, stabilizing interpolar MT plus ends, facilitating polymerization of spindle MTs and producing an outward force on spindle poles; required for structural integrity of the mitotic spindle; binds detached kinetochores (KTs) and promotes capture; relocalizes to MTs and stabilizes the spindle once captured KTs reach a spindle pole; localizes to the spindle, spindles poles, and detached KTs; CLASP family member homologous to human CLASP1/2
SW:Q9NYQ2
Mus musculus 2-Hydroxyacid oxidase 2
SW:A3LQI7
Scheffersomyces stipitis Leucine aminopeptidase 2-2
SW:Q07523
Rattus norvegicus 2-Hydroxyacid oxidase 2
SW:A5DGF3
Meyerozyma guilliermondii Leucine aminopeptidase 2-2
SW:Q9JLG4
Mus musculus Polycystin-2-like protein 2
SW:Q6NV04
Danio rerio 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 2
SW:Q8BU33
Mus musculus 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 2
SW:A2QX45
Aspergillus niger Dicer-like protein 2-2
SW:P37552
Bacillus subtilis 2-iminobutanoate/2-iminopropanoate deaminase
SW:Q45T69
Canis lupus familiaris Bcl-2-like protein 2
SW:O81850
Arabidopsis thaliana Fe(2+) transport protein 2
SW:Q51948
Pseudomonas putida 2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate isomerase
SW:Q9X9Q7
Sphingobium xenophagum 2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate isomerase
SW:F4KIN4
Arabidopsis thaliana Putative 2-dehydropantoate 2-reductase
SW:Q54VQ7
Dictyostelium discoideum Type-2 histone deacetylase 2
SW:Q6DDK5
Xenopus laevis 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 2
SW:Q7CP78
Salmonella typhimurium 2-iminobutanoate/2-iminopropanoate deaminase
SW:B9DHD7
Arabidopsis thaliana Vesicle-associated protein 2-2
SW:Q5M8H5
Xenopus tropicalis 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2
SW:Q52462
Pseudomonas sp 2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate isomerase
SW:A6QQT9
Bos taurus 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 2
SW:Q8U308
Pyrococcus furiosus 2-iminobutanoate/2-iminopropanoate deaminase
SW:Q2KHS5
Xenopus laevis 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2-A
SW:Q8LPK4
Arabidopsis thaliana AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2
SW:Q9MAU6
Arabidopsis thaliana Protein disulfide-isomerase like 2-2
SW:Q66H65
Rattus norvegicus NEDD4-binding protein 2-like 2
SW:Q8JZS6
Mus musculus NEDD4-binding protein 2-like 2
SW:P18484
Rattus norvegicus AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2
SW:Q86KI1
Dictyostelium discoideum AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2
SW:Q5M7F4
Xenopus laevis 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2-B
SW:Q5U4F6
Mus musculus Cytoplasmic dynein 2 intermediate chain 2
SW:Q94AH9
Arabidopsis thaliana rRNA 2'-O-methyltransferase fibrillarin 2
SW:Q0VCK5
Bos taurus AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2
SW:P17427
Mus musculus AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2
SW:Q942L2
Oryza sativa subsp japonica Protein disulfide isomerase-like 2-2
SW:P86785
Crassostrea gigas Gigasin-2 {ECO:0000303|Ref.2}
SW:P54665
Trypanosoma brucei brucei Cell division control protein 2 homolog 2
SW:Q7ZXS3
Xenopus laevis Interferon regulatory factor 2-binding protein 2
SW:Q94AL9
Arabidopsis thaliana Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 2, mitochondrial
SW:Q58CN7
Bos taurus Cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 2
SW:Q400K3
Pseudomonas putida 2-hydroxy-6-oxononadienedioate/2-hydroxy-6-oxononatrienedioate hydrolase 2 {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01654}
SW:Q29013
Sus scrofa POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2
SW:P28567
Pisum sativum Cell division control protein 2 homolog 2
HI:HIT000435470
Homo sapiens Isoform 2 of Pantothenate kinase 2, mitochondrial
SW:A9ALD3
Burkholderia multivorans Delta(1)-pyrroline-2-carboxylate reductase 2
SW:P41035
Oryctolagus cuniculus Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 2
SW:Q9CPY4
Mus musculus Cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 2
SW:Q9R0B9
Mus musculus Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2
SW:Q811A3
Rattus norvegicus Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2
SW:Q05006
Medicago sativa Cell division control protein 2 homolog 2
SW:Q5E9D0
Bos taurus Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 2
SW:Q54T27
Dictyostelium discoideum Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 2
SW:Q5R4T9
Pongo abelii Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 2
SW:Q84JL2
Arabidopsis thaliana 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit alpha 2, mitochondrial
SW:P80384
Lepidoglyphus destructor Mite group 2 allergen Lep d 2
SW:Q965E2
Psoroptes ovis Mite group 2 allergen Pso o 2
SW:E9Q1P8
Mus musculus Interferon regulatory factor 2-binding protein 2
SW:Q6DIH5
Xenopus tropicalis Interferon regulatory factor 2-binding protein 2
SW:Q9SN90
Arabidopsis thaliana Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 2-2
SW:Q9LDY2
Arabidopsis thaliana 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit beta 2, mitochondrial
SW:Q99L45
Mus musculus Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 2