Unfolded protein response - Mitochondrial
Similar to the unfolded protein response in the endoplasmic reticulum, the mitochondrial UPR functions to maintain a homeostasis of the protein folding pathways. The UPR(mt) employs a mitochondria-to-nuclear signal transduction pathway, which regulates the expression of mitochondrial protective genes such as mitochondria-specific molecular chaperones and proteases. An increase in Cytochrome c Oxidase (COX) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity is an indicator of mitochondrial stress.